Prevalence and Determinants of IPV in India:

Evidence from Countrywide Survey IDHS-2019/21

Abstract

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health issue, and it violates fundamental human rights. IPV is defined as physical violence (PV), sexual violence (SV), or emotional violence (EV) by a spouse or partner, either current or past. It causes serious health problems. This study intends to identify influential demographic and socioeconomic variables of IPV that will help policymakers to meet the sustainable development goals of SDGs. This study based on a secondary dataset extracted from Indian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data 2019/21. About 29%, 47%, 29%, and 54% of the respondents faced PV, EV, SV, and IPV in India. Respondents who lived in rural areas faced more violence than the urban areas respondents. Prevalence was more frequent in the western (i.e., 12.50%) and eastern (i.e., 16.77%) regions. This study found that 27.11%, 43.77%, 27.25%, and 50.94% of women endured violence whose sex of household heads were male. Respondents from the richest families had a lower IPV (i.e., AOR=0.63, 95% CI=0.57-0.70) than the poorest families. The rate of IPV is lower among respondents whose husbands are 45 or older (AOR=0.75, 95% CI=0.63-0.89) than those whose husband's ages are less or equal to 15 years. In India, the rate of EV is higher than that of PV and SV. Furthermore, the findings will help relate to evidence-based plans and programs to advance the health, safety, and welfare of women and their families.